课程《统考英语阅读理解》_题库列表第22页_查题网

统考英语阅读理解

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46、The fourth Thursday in November is called Thanksgiving Day. In the United States, it is an annual occasion to show thanks to God for his goodness. As a historical, national and religious holiday, Thanksgiving Day began with the English in Plymouth Colony. As far back as 1621, after a long bitter winter and the gathering of the first harvest, these early settlers shared a feast with the local Indians and offered prayers of thanksgiving. The first national Thanksgiving Day was proclaimed（颁布） by President Washington on November 26, 1789. President Lincoln revived the custom in 1863. It was not until 1941 that the U.S. Congress adopted a resolution（决定）, setting the fourth Thursday of November as an annual Thanksgiving Day. Thus what began as a religious celebration of the harvest has since become a nationwide holiday. Now Thanksgiving Day is usually a family day, celebrated with a traditional turkey dinner and a happy reunion. Schools are closed on Thanksgiving Day and the day after. Many people, including students studying in another state, often travel long distances to spend the holiday at home.
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47、Bill turned the key in the heavy lock and put it calmly in his pocket. He did so from a certain kind of fear. This was the only entrance to the house. Though Tom would be away for at least three days, Bill had a strange feeling of his nearness. In the stillness he seemed to hear Tom's voice. He turned round quickly, but there was only the girl. The girl carrying an oil lamp led Bill upstairs. She stopped and raised the lamp in each doorway, staring at him meanwhile. Satisfied he was the only guest, Bill came to the last door. "You sleep here, sir," she said, giving him the lamp. "Your friend slept here, too." "Good night, miss," he said politely. Her lips moved in reply, but he didn't catch the words. Her eyes never for a moment left his face. He stepped in, and as he turned to close the door she was still standing there. In the silence he felt a little terrified now. He shut the door in the girl's face then, leaving her in the dark. He opened it again almost at once. She had disappeared without a sound. A deep mistrust suddenly came to him. Why had that girl stared at him so?
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48、The man sitting opposite Robert was the Financial Controller. Everybody called him "the FC"for short. He made all the decisions about money. Robert needed some more. That was why he had to see him. The two men did not get on very well. In fact, they had always disliked each other. "Your request is out of the question,"the FC said. Robert had difficulty in controlling himself, but he managed somehow. He explained that he wanted the money in order to make more programmes. "And why do you want to do that?" the FC asked sharply. Again, Robert almost lost his temper. "Because more and more people are listening to my department's programmes. There's great demand for them,"he answered. The FC did not seem to believe him. But Robert had a report on the numbers of listeners to all EBC programmes. The FC became less confident. Robert threw the report down on the table and told him to read it. The FC looked at it in silence. The figures proved that he had been wrong, but he did not want to admit it. "Well," he finally said, "I may have made a small mistake." Robert noticed the word "may."He got up to leave. But he had the feeling that he would get the money after all.
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49、One day a policeman was taking a thief to the city police station. On their way they came to a shop where bread was sold. "We have no food. And we must eat something on the train." said the thief. "It's a long way to the city and it will take us much time to get there. I'll go into this shop and buy some bread. Then you and I can eat it on the train. Wait here for me." The policeman was glad, "I'll have some food on the train," he thought. "Be quick," he said to the thief. "We haven't much time." The thief went into the shop, and the policeman waited in the street for a long time. He began to worry. He thought about the train, and at last he went into the shop. "Where's that man who came in here to buy some bread?" asked the policeman. "Oh, he went out by the back door," said the shopkeeper. The policeman ran out but he could not see the thief. So he had to go back to his own station and tell the others about it. They were very angry with him, and he was very unhappy. All the police of the town began to look for the thief again, and they soon caught him. They brought him back to the police station and called the same policeman." "Now," said the officer, "take him to the city, and don't lose him again." The policeman and the thief left the station, and they came to the same shop. "Wait here," said the thief. "I want to go into that shop and buy some bread." "Oh, no," said the policeman. "You did that once, and ran away. This time, I'll go into the shop and buy the bread, and you must wait here for me."
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50、Americans enjoy sports. The three national sports are American football, played in the fall; basketball, played in the winter; and baseball, played in the summer. The crowds at these events may surprise you. The World Series and the Super bowl will attract tens of thousands of fans to the stadium and there will be much shouting and cheering, but even if the spectator become very angry there is rare any violence. Besides these big events, sports as recreation are enjoyed throughout the country. Golf, tennis, riding, sailing, surfing, jogging, and even parachuting, are popular recreational activities. You will find that the equipment for these sports can often be rented, so that even visitors are not excluded. Playing the sport you like is considered an essential part of a person's life. Luckily, the great natural resources such as lakes, mountains and vast seacoasts in the country allow Americans the space they need to enjoy themselves.
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51、Chess must be one of the oldest games in the world. An Arab traveller in India in the year 900 wrote that it was played 'long, long ago.' Chess was probably invented in India, and it has been played everywhere from Japan to Europe since 1400. The name 'chess' is interesting. When one player is attacking the other's king, he says in English, 'check'. When the king has been caught and cannot move anywhere, he says 'check mate'. These words come from Persian 'Shah mat' means 'the king is dead'. That is when the game is over, and one player has won. Such an old game changes very slowly. The rules have not always been the same as they are now. For example, at one time the queen could only move one square at a time. Now she is the strongest piece on the board. It would be interesting to know why this has happened. Chess takes time and thought, but it is a game for all kinds of people. You don't have to be a champion in order to enjoy it. It is not always played by two people sitting at the same table. The first time the Americans beat the Russians was in a match played by radio. Some of the chess masters are able to play many people at the same time. The record was when one man played 400 games! It is said that some people played chess by post. This must make chess the slowest game in the world.
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52、It looks like a mobile phone, but the service is much cheaper. It acts like a mobile phone, but only in your own city. Beyond the city walls, it is useless. "Little Smart", also called "Xiaolingtong", has always been compared to mobile phones. But actually it is more like one of those cordless phones（无绳电话） used around the home. The only difference is that this one reaches much further. It can travel across an entire city. Cheap costs are the main reason for the success of Little Smart. It costs 25 yuan a month for the line and about 0.1 yuan per minute to use. What's more, unlike mobile phones, there is no fee for incoming calls. But Little Smart is not really that smart. Users often complain about its bad service quality. "I couldn't receive a phone call if I was on a bus," said Li, a user in Beijing. "It worked fine when I stood still, but there were breaks in signal when I was moving." Scientists are trying to make Little Smart more user-friendly. Messaging and Internet access （接入） have been added to the service. And the latest Little Smart handset even has color screen（彩屏）.
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53、Who will stage the games? Preparing for the Olympic Games is a huge undertaking (工程). Just like the athletes, the host city spends years getting ready for the event. Before deciding which city will host the Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has to examine bids from all over the world. Bidding for the games begins about ten years in advance. Without preparing a very strong bid, a city will not win the competition to host the games. Beijing was chosen for the 2008 games from five bidders 一 Osaka, Paris, Toronto and Istanbul. Why does it take so long to prepare? Building the infrastructure (基础设施) costs huge amounts of money. Holding the World Cup in 2002 in Japan and South Korea, for example, meant that ten new stadiums had to be built, as well as many hotels and an improved transport system. In Beijing, after winning the bid the government began major construction projects 一 the extension of the underground, the improvement of the airport and the building of new motorways. Each host city must also build an Olympic village for the athletes. By planting trees and creating parks, the city becomes more attractive for tourists. Why do countries want to host the Olympic Games? Hosting the games has a major effect on the economy and brings international prestige(声望) to the country. Thousands and thousands of visitors come to the games and the host cities are permanently improved.
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54、Taking away a city's rubbish is a big job. Every day trucks come into a city to collect it. Most rubbish is made up of things we can't eat or use. If we kept these things, we would soon have a mountain of rubbish. In some cities the rubbish is collected and taken outside the city to a dump. Often the city dump is placed where the ground is low or there is a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage（污水，排水）system. The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs and other places. To keep mice and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may be planted on the rubbish-filled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then you'd never know that this had once been an old rubbish dump. In other cities the rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire burns everything except the metal.Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of metal. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles where they slowly change into something called humus（腐殖质）, which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help make them grow.
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55、A group of frogs were traveling through the woods, and two of them fell into a deep pit. When the other frogs saw how deep the pit was, they told the two frogs that they were as good as dead. The two frogs ignored the comments and tried to jump up out of the pit with all their might. The other frogs kept telling them to stop, that they were as good as dead. Finally, one of the frogs took heed of（倾听） what the other frogs were saying and gave up. He fell down and died. The other frog continued to jump as hard as he could. Once again, the crowd of frogs shouted at him to stop the pain and just die. He jumped even harder and finally made it out. When he got out, the other frogs said, "Didn't you hear us?" The frog explained to them that he was a little deaf. He thought they were encouraging him the entire time. This story teaches us two lessons: 1. There is power of life and death in the tongue. An encouraging word to someone who is down can lift him up and help him make it through the day. 2. A destructive word to someone who is down can be what it takes to kill him. Be careful of what you say. The power of words is sometimes hard to understand because an encouraging word can go such a long way. Anyone can speak words that tend to rob another of the spirit to continue in difficult times. Special is the individual who will take the time to encourage another.
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