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波音公司的新计算机系统
1990年,西雅图波音商用航空集团公司准备在其商用零部件部门,安装公司有史以来最大的计算机系统。该部门向个商用航空公司出售零部件。这个计算机系统的目的是要使该部门的许多工作任务自动化,如更新库存报表.回答顾客询问以及定价等。
波音公司的管理人员都知道,这个新计算机系统的安装要求对雇员进行广泛的再培训,这几乎会对零部件部门所有的700名雇员发生影响,而且这种影响不仅仅是在使用这个新计算机系统的技术方面。例如,该部门的办公室会成为无纸办公状态。而对雇员来说,更可怕的也许是他们得花更多的时间在计算机终端上工作。此外,由于每个雇员会更相信别人准确输入计算机的信息,人际关系会变得更加相互依赖。雇员们必须理解,突然间他们拥有了许多依赖他们的“顾客”,而事实上这些顾客是其他零部件部门的雇员。
培训协调人在实施培训计划时体会到:“我们认识到仅提供技术培训不能保证新系统的成功运行。”这个新系统的用户需要掌握和处理当系统投入运行时他们将经历的变化的手段。这个培训小组想做到,通过培训将系统运行可能引起的压力和混乱降到最低。更准确地说,它想做到使每一个使用新系统的雇员成为“以顾客为中心”的雇员,提供本零部件部门同事或顾客所需要的信息。
由于该部人员只能多种多样,波音公司知道面临一个挑战:这些人中有一半人在货栈工作,负责部件的装运.收货和仓储;另一半人则在30英里开外的一间办公室里工作。而且,这些人的受教育程度也参差不齐。在确定培训计划的性质时,波音公司面临多种选择。由于其已有一个完整的公司内部培训部,可以由内部培训部来实施培训;但另一方面,要在很短的时间内对700名雇员进行培训可能需要一个适应这个培训计划运作要求的咨询.培训.开发公司的服务。培训部还必须考虑要采用的各种培训方式,如研讨班,录象教学,讲座以及书籍等。波音公司考虑请一个总部设在旧金山的咨询公司来做,该公司在迅速设计大规模培训计划方面享有盛誉,其培训开发方式主要是利用书面资料和录象资料组织研讨.参与式练习.范例以及讲座实施研修。
但是,在决定究竟是由公司内部还是让咨询公司来组织实施培训计划之前,波音公司认为必须使实际培训目标更明确。例如,除纯技术方面的培训之外,还需要使使用计算机系统的雇员更进一步以顾客为中心,也许必须开发雇员沟通和判断的技能,以便在他们需要从该计算机系统得到数据输入员目前不能提供的特殊信息时,能够让有关人员了解他们的需求。
问题:请用人力资源培训理论加以分析。
 
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